How can the new energy automobile industry be stable and far-reaching
A few days ago, with a pure electric car driving off the production line, the cumulative production of new energy vehicles in China exceeded 20 million. Experts believe that this marks that China’s new energy vehicles have entered a new stage of high-quality development of scale and globalization on the basis of industrialization and marketization.
What opportunities and challenges will China’s new energy automobile industry face at present and in the future? How to promote the stability of new energy automobile industry?
In the first half of the year, production and sales increased by 42.4% and 44.1% respectively.
New energy vehicles are the main direction of global automobile industry transformation and upgrading and green development, and also the strategic choice for high-quality development of China’s automobile industry. According to the latest data from China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, in the first half of this year, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China were 3.788 million and 3.747 million respectively, up by 42.4% and 44.1% respectively. The sales volume of new energy vehicles reached 28.3% of the total sales volume of new vehicles.
Xin Guobin, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has taken the lead in establishing a national strategy for developing new energy vehicles, and then formulated industrial development plans for 2020 and 2035. the State Council approved the establishment of a top-level design and promotion mechanism for industrial development, and various departments have successively launched more than 70 policy initiatives to support the development of new energy vehicles. Various localities have introduced supporting policies in light of their own actual conditions, and industrial enterprises have accelerated the pace of innovation and jointly promoted the development of China’s new energy vehicle industry to achieve historic achievements.
"Through unremitting efforts, China has established a new energy vehicle industry system with complete structure and organic synergy, cultivated the world’s largest consumer market, and formed a good development situation in which new energy vehicles and related industries are symbiotic and win-win." Xin Guobin said.
Fu Bingfeng, executive vice president and secretary general of China Automobile Industry Association, said that in September 2020, China’s new energy vehicle production exceeded 5 million, and in February 2022 it exceeded 10 million, and it took only one year and five months to achieve the second 10 million.
At the same time, the brand competitiveness of new energy vehicles in China has been greatly improved. According to statistics, in 2022, the domestic market sales of self-owned brand new energy passenger cars accounted for 79.9%, up 5.4 percentage points year-on-year. In the first half of this year, 534,000 new energy vehicles were exported, a year-on-year increase of 1.6 times.
Ou Yangming Gao, member of the Standing Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, academician of China Academy of Sciences and professor of Tsinghua University, said that after nearly ten years of rapid development, China’s new energy vehicle and power battery industry has led the world, with the output and quantity ranking first in the world, and achieved large-scale export, which has become a highlight of China’s economy.
Gradually establish a competitive advantage in the technical field of "Three Electricity"
Technological innovation is the core competitiveness of industrial development.
In recent years, the core technology of new energy vehicles in China has continued to break through. For example, the energy density of mass-produced power batteries reaches 300 WHr/kg, which is at the international leading level, and new group technology and high-nickel cobalt-free batteries have achieved breakthrough applications; The peak power density of the driving motor exceeds 4.8 kW/kg, and the maximum speed reaches 16,000 rpm. The average power consumption per 100 kilometers of pure electric passenger cars dropped to 12.35 kWh.
"China has been in ‘ Sandian ’ (Battery, motor, electronic control) technology has gradually established a competitive advantage. " Fu Bingfeng said that in recent days, the intensive introduction of policies to stimulate consumption potential and strengthen industrial supporting capacity building will further stabilize market expectations and promote high-quality industrial development.
Of course, we should also see that there are still some problems in China’s new energy automobile industry, such as insufficient supply of key core technologies and the need to improve support and guarantee capabilities.
"It is the key to industrial transformation and upgrading to establish a multi-field collaborative model of automotive chips, application software and operating systems." Li Shaohua, deputy secretary-general of China Automobile Industry Association, believes that host manufacturers, software companies and research institutes should jointly build and share common technology platforms to enhance the stability and competitiveness of the supply chain.
Xin Guobin pointed out that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will support China enterprises to carry out technical cooperation with foreign enterprises in the fields of new system batteries and autonomous driving, so as to enhance brand vitality through technological innovation. Guide enterprises to establish the concept of product life cycle service, strengthen the construction of digital and network capabilities, and enhance brand affinity with quality services.
In addition, experts believe that at present, China’s new energy automobile industry still relies on imports of raw materials such as lithium, nickel and cobalt. In the process of rapid development, we should also be alert to risks such as overcapacity and structural contradictions. We should focus on the long-term, fill in the shortcomings, maintain a benign industrial order, and make industrial development stable and far-reaching.
Further build a high-quality charging infrastructure system
"This year’s Dragon Boat Festival holiday, our family traveled by car and charged in the expressway service area halfway. Because there are many cars and few piles, the waiting time in line is long, and the charging power is low and it takes a long time, which greatly affects the travel experience." Wang Yongtao, a new energy owner who lives in Daxing District, said.
Nowadays, with the increasing demand for long-distance travel of new energy vehicles, the expressway service area has become an important scene for charging new energy vehicles.
Wang Zhongying, director of the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that by the end of May this year, there were 4,289 expressway service areas with charging conditions in China, accounting for about 65% of the total service areas. However, according to statistics, the number of expressway charging infrastructure is about 18,000, accounting for only 0.8% of China’s public charging infrastructure. Compared with the development demand, the problems of insufficient total charging infrastructure, low density and insufficient coverage are still outstanding.
In addition to "difficulty in charging roads", "difficulty in finding piles" and "difficulty in entering residential areas" are also strong problems reflected by users of new energy vehicles.
Wang Yao, Secretary-General of China Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Promotion Alliance, said that private charging piles could not be built as needed in old residential areas due to the shortage of parking spaces and insufficient power capacity, and some residential areas still did not cooperate with the property to provide proof materials, which made it impossible for users to install private charging piles. In addition, the problems such as the difficulty in finding the location of public charging piles, the high failure rate of charging piles and the occupation of charging parking spaces are particularly prominent.
In the long run, the development of new energy automobile industry is inseparable from high-quality charging infrastructure system. "By the end of 2022, the cumulative domestic car-pile ratio in China was 2.5: 1." Ou Yangming Gao said that it is expected that the number of new energy vehicles in China will continue to grow rapidly, and the development of charging infrastructure must be accelerated.
Recently, the General Office of the State Council issued "Guiding Opinions on Further Building High-quality Charging Infrastructure System", which clearly put forward five tasks: optimizing and perfecting network layout, accelerating the construction of key areas, improving operational service level, strengthening the guidance of scientific and technological innovation, and increasing support and guarantee.
In this regard, Ou Hong, deputy secretary-general of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration will work with relevant parties to strengthen departmental coordination and strengthen guidance and supervision to ensure that all measures are effective as soon as possible.
(Reporter Liu Kun)